What is ICSI?
ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) is an advanced form of IVF where a single sperm is injected directly into the egg. This maximizes the chances of fertilization, even when sperm count, motility, or morphology is very poor.
Who Can Benefit from ICSI?
- Severe male factor infertility (low count, motility, or abnormal shape)
- Previous IVF cycles with poor or failed fertilization
- Use of surgically retrieved sperm (TESA/PESA)
- Unexplained infertility where fertilization issues are suspected
- Couples with genetic testing requirements (PGT)
The ICSI Procedure
- Egg Retrieval: Mature eggs are collected after ovarian stimulation.
- Sperm Selection: A single healthy sperm is selected under high magnification.
- Injection: The sperm is injected directly into the egg using a fine needle.
- Embryo Development: Fertilized eggs are cultured in the lab for 3–5 days.
- Embryo Transfer: One or two embryos are transferred into the uterus.
Success Rates
ICSI significantly improves fertilization chances for couples with severe male factor infertility. Success depends on egg quality, sperm quality, and age of the female partner. Average fertilization rates with ICSI are higher than conventional IVF when sperm quality is compromised.
Risks & Considerations
- Similar risks as IVF, including multiple pregnancy
- Rare chance of egg damage during injection
- Not always needed for couples with normal sperm parameters
